Déficit de atenção e hiperatividade: prevenindo o sobrediagnóstico e o sobretratamento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc10(35)1014Palavras-chave:
Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade, Medicalização Efetividade, efeitos adversos, Prevenção QuaternáriaResumo
A primeira parte deste artigo concentra-se nas grandes variações no diagnóstico de transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH), que são observadas entre países e entre regiões de um mesmo país. O diagnóstico de TDAH é mais problemático do que normalmente se pensa. Por exemplo, crianças norte-americanas mais jovens no mesmo grau escolar são 64% mais propensas a receber o diagnóstico e os sintomas podem resultar de muitas causas subjacentes. Além disso, o TDAH pode ser confundido com muitas outras questões de saúde. Como resultado, o TDAH é amplamente sobrediagnosticado e sobretratado. A segunda parte do artigo revisa estudos recentes que mostram que as drogas anti-TDAH não têm eficácia de longo prazo e contam com eventos adversos importantes. No geral, e no longo prazo, o tratamento farmacológico do TDAH é susceptível de causar maiores danos do que benefícios.Downloads
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